All music is made from 12 different notes you have your… - White Keys - A - B - C - D - E - F - G - Black Keys - Bb (b flat) - Db (d flat) - Eb (e flat) - F# (f sharp) - Ab (a flat)
The Black Keys are either Sharp notes or Flat notes.
A Half Step is the distance between two side by side notes Examples:
A -> Bb B -> C C -> Dd
A Whole or Full Step is the distance between two entire notes. You skip a note. Examples:
A -> B C -> D E -> F
Octaves are the same note but 12 notes apart (including Sharps and Flats; 8 notes if != sharps and flats) - Each octave from left to right doubles the frequency of sound from the note. So lets say the A note closest to the left is 220hz, then the next octave will be 440hz so on so forth
A Scale is a sequence of notes within a certain interval pattern. Typically ascending or descending within an octave. There are a whole metric ton load of scales within music.
Within Scales there is a numbering system for each note in a scale called The Nashville Number System. All it does is assign each note a number.
C Major Scale - Each normal note (white key) ~~~ C . D . E . F . G . A . B | C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 octave/8
Whole Whole Half Whole Whole Whole Half ~~~
C Minor Scale - C major but some notes is down are down half step ~~~ C . D . Eb . F . G . Ab . Bb | C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 octave/8 Whole Half Whole Whole Half Whole Whole ~~~
There is formula for each Scale to play in each key. As seen in the C major and minor scales we have these Whole and Half step patterns. These same pattern apply to every note’s scale.
Key vs Scale The Scale is the pattern of steps for each note so for Major scales its (W-W-H-W-W-W-H) and for Minor scales its (W-H-W-W-H-W-W)
The Key is the note that the Scale is playing in
A Chord is a group of typically 3 or more notes sounded together as a basis of harmony. - When 3 notes are played at the same time. - A 3 note chord is called a triad. This is where the Nashville Number System comes in handy. When comparing major and minor chords, at least within the C key the main and only difference is the step.
Within a C Major Chord the keys used in a basic triad are 1, 3, 5. This is the same for the C Minor Chord. The difference is that the resulting keys played are just arranged different.
So for the C Major Chord the notes are C, E and G and for the C Minor Chord the notes are C, Eb and G
Chord progressions and harmonies are what create emotion within music. They are the foundation of the song and its story.
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